沥青混凝土分为两层：50厚中粒式沥青混凝土AC-20、30厚细粒式混凝土AC-13。在沥青拌和站购买沥青混凝土拌合料，10t自卸汽车运输，采用热拌、热铺的施工方法。沥青面层施工顺序：基层清理→测量放线→洒透层油→摊铺机→汽车运输混合料至施工现场→摊铺机摊铺中粒式沥青砼→整平碾压→摊铺细粒式沥青砼→验收→开放交通。

　　Asphalt concrete is divided into two layers: 50 thick medium grained asphalt concrete AC-20 and 30 thick fine-grained concrete AC-13. Purchase asphalt concrete mixture at the asphalt mixing plant, transport it by 10t dump truck, and use the construction method of hot mixing and hot laying. The construction sequence of asphalt surface layer: base cleaning → measurement and setting out → spraying of penetrating oil → paving machine → transportation of mixture by truck to the construction site → paving of medium grained asphalt concrete by paving machine → leveling and rolling → paving of fine-grained asphalt concrete → acceptance → opening to traffic.

　　施工要点如下：

　　The key points of construction are as follows:

　　1、施工准备

　　1. Construction preparation

　　（1）机械准备：路面施工前所有机械都应进行试运转，加足油料，压路机还应将水箱加满水，各种机械在连续施工一段时间后，应进行必要的维修。

　　(1) Mechanical preparation: Before road construction, all machinery should undergo a trial run, add sufficient fuel, and the roller should also fill the water tank with water. After continuous construction for a period of time, various machinery should undergo necessary maintenance.

　　（2）其他小型工具准备：主要是耙子、手推车、烙铁、夯锤、沥青桶、燃煤等，摊铺机专用的测墩、测钎、钢丝绳，挂线用的线轴、紧线器也应准备完毕。

　　(2) Preparation of other small tools: mainly rake, handcart, soldering iron, rammer, asphalt bucket, coal, etc. The dedicated measuring pier, measuring rod, steel wire rope for the paver, as well as the wire spool and tensioner for hanging the line should also be prepared.

　　（3）人员准备：沥青路面施工速度较快，施工中需连续作业。施工前必须对所有作业人员进行详细的分工，定员定岗，对每个岗位的施工人员做好技术交底，使每个人都了解自己的工作内容，都能紧张有秩序地工作。对于机械操作人员，在上岗前要着重进行交底，使他们明白操作程序和操作方法，杜绝在现场操作中的随意性。现场指挥人员必须头脑冷静并具有权威性，避免多头指挥，在施工前，现场指挥人员必须确定并给予一定的权利，在施工中，出现各种情况都应通过现场指挥人员进行处理，以免造成混乱。

　　(3) Personnel preparation: The construction speed of asphalt pavement is fast, and continuous operation is required during construction. Before construction, detailed division of labor must be carried out for all workers, with fixed personnel and positions. Technical instructions must be given to each construction worker in each position, so that everyone understands their work content and can work in a tense and orderly manner. For mechanical operators, it is important to conduct a thorough briefing before starting work to ensure they understand the operating procedures and methods, and to prevent any arbitrariness during on-site operations. On site command personnel must be calm and authoritative, avoiding multiple commands. Before construction, on-site command personnel must determine and give certain rights. During construction, all situations should be handled by on-site command personnel to avoid confusion.

　　（4）路面基层清理：实践证明基层清理工作的好坏对于沥青砼与基层粘结的影响极大，必须清理干净，不能有丝毫马虎，清理方法以人工清扫为主，

　　(4) Road base cleaning: Practice has proven that the quality of base cleaning work has a great impact on the bonding between asphalt concrete and base. It must be cleaned thoroughly without any carelessness, and the cleaning method is mainly manual cleaning,

　　2、施工测量

　　2. Construction surveying

　　施工测量是路面施工技术中较关键的一环，施工测量的精度直接影响到摊铺机摊铺质量。我们坚持“双控”制度，即经理部和作业队两级控制，路线中点由导线点用精密测距仪导入桥梁、涵洞等结构物之上，施工用水准点均用三等水准测量从导线点导入工地永久性电信井、桥梁等结构物上，测量资料应统一计算，测放测墩、测钎及钢丝绳的人员应固定。摊铺高程由摊铺机传感器在测墩或测钎上拴挂的直径为2mm的钢丝绳上拖拉传感器测棒进行控制。测墩每10m一个，在曲线半径较小处和超高处应加密，每5m一个。

　　Construction measurement is a crucial part of road construction technology, and the accuracy of construction measurement directly affects the paving quality of the paver. We adhere to the "dual control" system, which includes two-level control by the management department and the operation team. The midpoint of the route is guided from the guide point to the bridge, culvert and other structures using precision rangefinders, and the construction leveling points are measured using third-order leveling from the guide point to the permanent telecommunication wells, bridges and other structures on the construction site. The measurement data should be calculated uniformly, and the personnel responsible for surveying, laying, surveying piers, surveying rods and steel wire ropes should be fixed. The paving elevation is controlled by dragging the sensor measuring rod on a 2mm diameter steel wire rope tied to the measuring pier or measuring rod by the paver sensor. Test piers should be spaced every 10 meters, and at smaller curve radii and super high points, they should be densified every 5 meters.

　　3、封层

　　3. Seal coat

　　在基层上铺筑沥青砼面层时，应喷洒透层油。透层油可采用油水比4：6或3：7的乳化沥青，透层油的洒布量应控制准确，多洒和少洒都不利于粘结质量。透层油洒布前，应在基层上先洒一遍水，待水渗入基层表面后再进行乳化沥青的洒布并在铺筑沥青砼前预留一段时间让其自行渗入，人工撒布石屑和粗砂，用轻型压路机滚压一遍，在沥青面层摊铺前应保证封层表面清洁无污物。

　　When laying asphalt concrete surface layer on the base, a prime coat should be sprayed. The interlayer oil can be emulsified asphalt with an oil-water ratio of 4:6 or 3:7. The spraying amount of the interlayer oil should be accurately controlled, and excessive or insufficient spraying is not conducive to the bonding quality. Before spraying the prime coat, water should be sprayed on the base layer first. After the water seeps into the surface of the base layer, emulsified asphalt should be sprayed, and a period of time should be reserved for it to self infiltrate before laying the asphalt concrete. Stone chips and coarse sand should be manually spread, and a lightweight roller should be used to roll it once. Before laying the asphalt surface layer, the surface of the seal layer should be kept clean and free of dirt.

　　4、拌和

　　4. Mixing

　　在拌和时应严格控制沥青及各种矿料的用量及拌和温度，拌和站拌制的混合料应均匀一致，无花白料、无结团成块或粗细骨料分离现象，不符合要求时不得使用，并应及时调整。

　　During mixing, the dosage and mixing temperature of asphalt and various mineral materials should be strictly controlled. The mixture mixed at the mixing station should be uniform, without any white material, clumping or separation of coarse and fine aggregates. If it does not meet the requirements, it should not be used and should be adjusted in a timely manner.

　　5、沥青砼运输

　　5. Asphalt concrete transportation

　　运输沥青砼的车辆应事先在车斗上刷机油以防沥青粘结，涂刷机油最好采用喷雾器，以便喷撒均匀。运输车上应备有苫布以防运输途中遇雨和气温较低时沥青散热太快，沥青的运输时间不宜超过一个小时，否则会因温度损失太多而影响沥青砼的施工质量。

　　Vehicles transporting asphalt concrete shall brush engine oil on the vehicle body in advance to prevent asphalt adhesion. It is better to use spray to brush engine oil so as to spray evenly. Transport vehicles should be equipped with tarpaulins to prevent rapid heat dissipation of asphalt during transportation in case of rain and low temperatures. The transportation time of asphalt should not exceed one hour, otherwise it will affect the construction quality of asphalt concrete due to excessive temperature loss.

　　6、沥青砼摊铺

　　6. Asphalt concrete paving

　　沥青砼的摊铺是路面施工的关键工序之一。摊铺工艺为：摊铺机就位→运料车卸料→螺旋输送器送料→熨平板加热整平→压路机压实。

　　The paving of asphalt concrete is one of the key processes in road construction. The paving process is as follows: the paver is in place → the material truck unloads the material → the screw conveyor feeds the material → the ironing plate is heated and leveled → the roller compacts.

　　摊铺机就位应以测量标高为准，将熨平板用薄木板垫起，调整到合适的高度。运料车应停在距摊铺机料斗前约30～50cm处，用手闸制动后，由摊铺机向前顶住汽车后轮并向前移动时开始起斗卸料，运料车冲撞摊铺机，将使摊铺机向后移动而造成摊铺完的沥青砼起拱，破坏路面的平整度。如果将沥青砼卸出摊铺机料斗，散落在摊铺面上，即使清理干净，落入摊铺机履带下的石子也会将摊铺机垫起而影响摊铺平整度。

　　The placement of the paver should be based on the measured elevation, and the ironing board should be supported with thin wooden boards and adjusted to the appropriate height. The material transport vehicle should be parked about 30-50cm in front of the hopper of the paver. After braking with the handbrake, the paver should push forward against the rear wheel of the vehicle and move forward to start unloading. If the material transport vehicle collides with the paver, it will cause the paver to move backward, resulting in the arching of the asphalt concrete after paving and damaging the smoothness of the road surface. If asphalt concrete is unloaded from the hopper of the paver and scattered on the paving surface, even if it is cleaned up, the stones falling under the paver tracks will still cushion the paver and affect the smoothness of the paving.

　　因此，任何倒车时冲撞摊铺机顶杆和不拉手闸就卸料而把沥青砼卸在摊铺机前的情况，都应被认为是运输司机的重大失误。运料车卸料后，摊铺机的螺旋输送器向两侧输料，摊铺机开始向前运行。

　　Therefore, any situation where the asphalt concrete is unloaded in front of the paver by colliding with the top pole of the paver during reverse and unloading without pulling the brake handle should be considered a major mistake by the transport driver. After the material truck unloads the material, the spiral conveyor of the paver transports the material to both sides, and the paver begins to move forward.

　　这时应特别注意两侧的限料器和传感器，以免出现输料过量和传感器从钢丝上滑落的情况。沥青混合料经熨平板加热整平后，用压路机。摊铺机的摊铺速度也是影响摊铺质量的一个因素，摊铺速度过快，不但运输车辆跟不上，压路机的工作也不能满足要求。根据经验，摊铺速度以3～4m/分钟为宜。摊铺机运行过程中应尽量避免停机，摊铺机前应有足够的运输车辆，最好有三辆装满沥青砼的重车。

　　At this time, special attention should be paid to the limiters and sensors on both sides to avoid excessive feeding and sensor slipping off the steel wire. After heating and leveling the asphalt mixture with an ironing board, use a roller. The paving speed of the paver is also a factor that affects the quality of paving. If the paving speed is too fast, not only can the transport vehicles not keep up, but the work of the roller cannot meet the requirements. Based on experience, a paving speed of 3-4 meters per minute is recommended. During the operation of the paver, it should be avoided to stop as much as possible. There should be sufficient transport vehicles in front of the paver, preferably three heavy vehicles filled with asphalt concrete.

　　7、沥青砼碾压

　　7. Asphalt concrete compaction

　　沥青砼碾压是黑色路面成活的最后一道工序。由于受大气温度、压路机性能、沥青砼混合料的性能、路面厚度等诸多因素的影响，碾压工艺也随之变化，碾压方法，碾压遍数都随之而变化。

　　Asphalt concrete compaction is the final process for the survival of black road surfaces. Due to the influence of various factors such as atmospheric temperature, roller performance, asphalt concrete mixture performance, and pavement thickness, the rolling process, rolling method, and number of passes also change accordingly.

　　当沥青混合料摊铺一定厚度后，进行初压，因为此时混合料温度较高，因此采用轻型压路机，慢速、均匀碾压2遍。

　　After the asphalt mixture is spread to a certain thickness, initial compaction is carried out. As the temperature of the mixture is high at this time, a lightweight roller is used to roll it slowly and evenly twice.

　　初压时应检查平整度、路拱，初压后应采用重型机进行复压，碾压遍数应根据实验段确定的遍数碾压达到要求的密实度，表面无明显轮迹。碾压时压路机应由路边压向路中，轮迹重叠应满足规范要求。

　　During the initial compaction, the flatness and road arch should be checked. After the initial compaction, a heavy-duty machine should be used for re compaction. The number of compaction passes should be determined according to the experimental section to achieve the required density, and there should be no obvious wheel marks on the surface. When rolling, the roller should press from the roadside towards the center of the road, and the overlapping wheel tracks should meet the requirements of the specifications.

　　不得在新铺沥青混合料上转向、调头，碾压速度应符合规范中的要求。在复压后应进行终压，用钢筒式压路机碾压2遍，使平整度达到优良。

　　Do not turn or turn on newly laid asphalt mixture, and the rolling speed should meet the requirements in the specifications. After re compaction, final compaction should be carried out by rolling twice with a steel drum roller to achieve excellent flatness.

　　8、接头缝处理

　　8. Joint seam treatment

　　当沥青路面铺筑结缝时，可在已压好的部分上铺设一些热混合料使之预热软化，以加强新旧混合料的粘结。但在开始碾压前应将预热用的混合料铲除，结缝应做到紧密粘结，充分压实、连接平顺。结缝处应清扫干净、切齐、边缘涂粘层沥青。

　　When laying joints on asphalt pavement, some hot mixture can be laid on the already pressed part to preheat and soften it, in order to strengthen the bond between the new and old mixture. But before starting the rolling process, the preheating mixture should be removed, and the joints should be tightly bonded, fully compacted, and smoothly connected. The joints should be cleaned and cut neatly, and the edges should be coated with a layer of adhesive asphalt.

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